Grand coulee owl-clover (Orthocarpus barbatus) COSEWIC assessment and status report: chapter 15
Information sources, Biographical summary of report writers and Collections examined
Information sources
Adler, L.S. 2000.Alkaloid uptake increases fitness in a hemiparasitic plant via reduced herbivory and increased pollination. American Naturalist 156: 92-99.
Adler, L.S., and M. Wink. 2001. Transfer of quinolizadine alkaloids from hosts to hemiparasites in two Castilleja-Lupinus associations: analysis of floral and vegetative tissues. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 29: 551-561.
Atsatt, P.R. 1970. The population biology of annual grassland hemiparasites II. Reproductive patterns in Orthocarpus. Evolution 24: 598-612.
Boros, C.A., D.R. Marshall, C.R. Caterino, and F.R. Stermitz. 1991. Iridoid and phenylpropanoid glycosides from Orthocarpus spp.: alkaloid content as a consequence of parasitism on Lupinus. Journal of Natural Products 54: 506–513.
Chuang, T.I., and L.R. Heckard. 1983. Systematic significance of seed-surface features in Orthocarpus (Scrophulariaceae – Subtribe Castillejinae). American Journal of Botany 70(6): 877-890.
Chuang, T.I., and L.R. Heckard. 1991. Generic re-alignment and synopsis of subtribe Castillejinae (Scrophulariaceae – Tribe Pediculareae). Systematic Botany 16: 644-666.
Douglas, G.W., F. Lomer, and H.L. Roemer. 1998a. New or rediscovered native vascular plant species in British Columbia. Canadian Field-Naturalist 112: 276-279.
Douglas, G.W., D. Meidinger, and J.L. Penny. 2002. Rare Native Vascular Plants of British Columbia. Second edition. Province of British Columbia, Victoria, British Columbia (BC). 359 pp.
Douglas, G.W., D. Meidinger, and J. Pojar. 1999. Illustrated Flora of British Columbia. Volume 4. Dicotyledons (Orobanchaceae through Rubiaceae). British Columbia Ministry of Environment, Lands andParks, and British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Victoria, British Columbia. 427 pp.
Douglas, G.W., D. Meidinger, and J. Pojar. 2001. Illustrated Flora of British Columbia. Vol. 7. Monocotyledons (Orchidaceae to Zosteraceae). Ministry of Sustainable Resource Development, and Ministry of Forests, Victoria, British Columbia. 379 pp.
Douglas, G.W., G.B. Straley, and D. Meidinger. 1998b. Rare Native Vascular Plants of British Columbia. British Columbia Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks, and British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Victoria, British Columbia. 423 pp.
Douglas, G.W., G.B. Straley, and D. Meidinger. 1998c. Illustrated Flora of British Columbia. Volume 1. Gymnosperms and Dicotyledons (Aceraceae through Asteraceae). British Columbia Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks, and British Columbia and Ministry of Forests, Victoria, British Columbia. 436 pp.
Douglas, G.W., G.B. Straley, D. Meidinger, and J. Pojar. 1998d. Illustrated Flora of British Columbia. Volume 2. Dicotyledons (Balsaminaceae through Cuscutaceae). British Columbia Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks, Victoria, British Columbia. 401 pp.
Environment Canada. 2003. Sensitive Ecosystems: an indicator of biological diversity in the Georgia and Okanagan basins (http://www.ecoinfo.ec.gc.ca/env_ind/region/sensitive_ecosystems/sensitive_eco_e.cfm) [accessed January 2004].
Heckard, L.R. 1962. Root parasitism in Castilleja. Botanical Gazette 124: 21-29.
Hitchcock, C.L., A. Cronquist, M. Ownbey, and J.W. Thompson. 1959. Vascular plants of the Pacific Northwest. - Part 4: Ericaceae through Campanulaceae. University of Washington Press. Seattle, Washington. 510 pp.
Hobbs, J. 2004. Personal Communication. Junior Ecosystems Specialist, Environmental Stewardship Division, Biodiversity Branch, Ministry of Water, Land and Air Protection. Victoria, British Columbia.
Keck, D.D. 1927. A revision of the genus Orthocarpus. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences. Science IV. 16:517-571.
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Ministry of Forests. 1998. The Ecology of the Bunchgrass Zone. Ministry of Forests, Victoria, British Columbia. 6 pp.
Nature Trust. 2004. Organization description for BC conservation groups (http://www.conservationconnection.bc.ca/GroupView.asp?GroupID=108) [accessed January 2004].
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Olmstead, R.C., C.W. Depamphilis, A.D. Wolfe, N.D. Young, W.J. Elisens, and P.J. Reeves. 2001. Disintegration of the Scrophulariaceae. American Journal of Botany 88: 348-361.
Pojar, J. 2000. Scrophulariaceae. Pp. 114-218 in G.W. Douglas, D. Meidinger and J. Pojar (eds). Illustrated Flora of British Columbia. Vol. 5. Dicotyledons (Salicaceae through Zygophyllaceae) and Pteridophytes. Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks, and Ministry of Forests, Victoria, British Columbia. 389 pp.
Town of Osoyoos. 2004. Town of Osoyoos web page (http://www.town.osoyoos.bc.ca) [accessed January 2004].
Biographical summary of report writers
Dr. George Wayne Douglas (1938-2005), well-known and respected British Columbia botanist, whose contribution to the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) has included over 30 status reports, died in Duncan, BC, on 10 February 2005, after a short battle with cancer.
George W. Douglas held an M.Sci. (Forestry) from the University of Washington and a Ph.D. (Botany) from the University of Alberta, Edmonton. George has worked with rare plants for over 20 years. He was senior author of The Rare Plants of the Yukon (1981), The Rare Plants of British Columbia (1985) and Rare Native Plants of British Columbia (1998, 2002). He was also the senior editor for the Illustrated Flora of British Columbia (1998-2002) and was the program botanist for the British Columbia Conservation Data Centre from 1991 until 2003. George wrote or co-wrote 33 COSEWIC status reports and three update status reports.
Shyanne J. Smith has a B.Sc. (Geography) from the University of Victoria. She has conducted botanical inventory, research, and mapping projects in British Columbia since 2001. Shyanne was a co-author of the National Recovery Plan for Southern Maidenhair Fern (2004), four COSEWIC status reports, and three stewardship accounts for rare plants.
Collections examined
Herbarium specimens located at the Royal British Columbia Museum (V) and the University of British Columbia were viewed and verified.
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