Bird's-foot violet (Viola pedata) COSEWIC assessment and status report: chapter 12
Technical Summary
Viola pedata L.
Occurs only in Ontario
Extent and Area Information
Extent of occurrence (EO)(km2)
40 km2
specify trend (decline, stable, increasing, unknown)
Stable
are there extreme fluctuations in EO (> 1 order of magnitude)?
No
area of occupancy (AO)(km2)
1.5 km2
specify trend (decline, stable, increasing, unknown)
Decline
are there extreme fluctuations in AO (> 1 order magnitude)?
No
number of extant locations
5
specify trend in # locations (decline, stable, increasing, unknown)
Stable
are there extreme fluctuations in # locations (>1 order of magnitude)?
No
habitat trend: specify declining, stable, increasing or unknown trend in area, extent or quality of habitat
Declining
Population Information
generation time (average age of parents in the population) (indicate years, months, days, etc.)
several years to flowering?
number of mature individuals (capable of reproduction) in the Canadian population (or, specify a range of plausible values)
Perhaps 5000
total population trend: specify declining, stable, increasing or unknown trend in number of mature individuals
Declining
if decline, % decline over the last/next 10 years or 3 generations, whichever is greater (or specify if for shorter time period)
25-50%
are there extreme fluctuations in number of mature individuals (> 1 order of magnitude)?
No
is the total population severely fragmented (most individuals found within small and relatively isolated (geographically or otherwise) populations between which there is little exchange, i.e., ≤ 1 successful migrant / year)?
Yes
list each population and the number of mature individuals in each
see section "Population Sizes and Trends"
specify trend in number of populations (decline, stable, increasing, unknown)
Decline (including historical records)
are there extreme fluctuations in number of populations (>1 order of magnitude)?
No
Threats (actual or imminent threats to populations or habitats)
- Trampling by site visitors, succession and shading, housing development
Rescue Effect (immigration from an outside source)
does species exist elsewhere (in Canada or outside)?
Yes
status of the outside population(s)?
Secure
is immigration known or possible?
Not likely
would immigrants be adapted to survive here?
Possibly
is there sufficient habitat for immigrants here?
Little
Quantitative Analysis
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